A visual examination of an appliance is an essential part of the process because some types of electrical faults cannot be picked up by running diagnostic tests alone. A more in-depth check using specialist PAT testing equipment should also be carried out on certain appliances. This test includes earth continuity, lead polarity and insulation resistance checks. For low-risk appliances what is known as a PAT insulation test is carried out which is a minimal check to ensure the appliance's safety. Upon completion of the PAT Test each appliance that has been checked should be passed or failed in terms of its safety and in most cases a record of the results will be given to the business or home owner.

No company or household is legally obliged to carry out PAT Testing on the appliances they use.

There are six categories of appliance which would require some level of PAT Test. They are- – Stationary appliances – IT appliances – Moveable appliances – Portable appliances – Cables and chargers – Hand Held appliances ​Examples of appliances that fall into the categories above include Extension Leads, Chargers, Industrial Machinery, White Goods, Printers, Vending Machines and Heaters

PAT Testing is carried out as a condition of certain insurance policies. It is also used by businesses to help them ensure that their electrical equipment is safe; doing this is a legal requirement. Businesses are also responsible for the safety of their employees and the public who visit their premises and may use on-site appliances- PAT Testing is a vital tool in achieving this.

No. PAT Testing can be carried out by any individual within the business or household. The person who carries out the tests should, of course, competent and have experience of working with electricity and a good understanding of electrical processes. If an external company is NOT used then it is highly recommended that the competent person charged with carrying out the tests has attended a PAT testing course. Further to this, investment will need to be made in PAT Testing equipment so tests beyond the visual can be completed.

This depends upon the risk level of the environment. It ranges from every three months in extremely high risk environments to every four years in low to medium risk environments. The level of risk depends on the nature of the business, what appliances are in situ, how much they are used by the public and how much they are moved about. Construction sites and gyms are classed as high risk environments.

​PAT Testing equipment tends to come in kits; basic level kits should include- PAT tester machine Microwave detector Cloverleaf adaptor 240v IEC to 110v 3 pin socket lead 240v plug to 110v lead Socket tester Logbook Pass and fail labels